Textile treating composition



Unite Stts Patent TEXTILE TREATING COMPOSITION Carroll F. Chandler,Waynesboro, Va., assignor to E. L du Pont de Nemours and Company,Wilmington, Del., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. ApplicationAugust 8, 1952 Serial No. 303,428

7 Claims. (Cl. 2528-.9)

This invention relates to a novel composition of matter. Morespecifically, it relates to a modified mineral oil composition usefulfor the finishing of textiles, particularly those containing a celluloseester component.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel, modifiedmineral oil composition for textile use.

Another object is to provide a modified mineral oil based lubricant fora cellulose acetate textile.

A still further object is to provide an improved lubricated celluloseacetate textile.

These and other objects will become apparent in the course of thefollowing specification and claims.

By the term textile is meant a fiber, filament, spun yarn, staple,fabric, pellicle and the like.

In the highly mechanized operation of textile manufacture', it hasbecome essential to adapt the various raw materials to high-speedoperations by use of finish dressings. Thus, successful knitting,twisting, weaving and winding of textile yarns, filaments or fibers isintimately related to proper lubrication and softening of the materialbeing processed. Improper lubrication causes excessive breakage, due tofriction, in various points where the textile contacts the processingequipment. It is recognized in the art that low and medium viscositymineral oils, in general, do not soften cellulose ester textiles to anyextent. Consequently, lubrication of such materials with dressingscontaining a major proportion of mineral oils has often caused anundesirable wiriness. To impart softness to the yarn, it has become thepractice to modify the mineral oil with a vegetable oil, such as coconutor olive oil, which additive acts as a softener. The ester of an acid oran alcohol containing a long chain hydrocarbon group such as thoseobtained from fats have also been used for this purpose. Another widelyused material has been the sulfonic acid derivatives of the variousvegetable oils, a popular additive being sulfonated peanut oil. Suchcombinations when used upon a cellulose ester textile have been observedto cause delustering on the boil-off and shuttle marks during Weaving.

In accordance with the present invention, it has been found that a yarndressed with a mineral oil base lubricant, containing a minor proportionof the acetylation product of the ester formed from ricinoleic acid and2- methoxy ethanol or a mixture of such an ester with acetylated monoanddi-glycerides of ricinoleic acid, possesses enhanced softeningproperties. The preparation of derivatives of this type is described indetail in U. S. Patent No. 2,562,218. In general, the process consistsin the acetylation of the 2-methoxy ethanol ester of ricinoleic acid.The ester is conveniently produced by alcoholysis of castor oil having afree fatty acid content of about 0.5% or less in the presence of analkali-metal hydroxide catalyst. After separation of the liberatedglycerine, the acetylation is accomplished by conventional procedure.acetylating that mixture resulting upon the incomplete alcoholization ofcastor oil with 2-methoxy ethanol. The

A preferred material can be prepared byv final product contains amixture of acetylated mono and di-ricinolein along with acetylatedmethoxy-ethyl ricinoleate. A mixture of from 10 to 15 parts by weight ofacetylated monoand di-ricinolein with to parts by weight of acetylatedmethoxy-ethyl ricinol eate, available on the open market under thetrademark Flexricin 62 from the Baker Castor Oil Company of 120Broadway, New York 5, N. Y., has been found particularly valuable. It isreferred to hereinafter as acetylated,.partially alcoholized castor oil.A saponification nl'imlz'ier of at least 315 is characteristic of thismaterial. The presence of as high as 2% tri-ricinolein and/ or itsacetylated derivative can be tolerated.

It is conventional practice to modify lubricants by the addition ofantistatic agents, supplementary lubricants, emulsifiers, co-ble'ndingagents, antioxidants, clarifiers, preservatives and the like. Examples Ito III illustrate suitable combinations of such materials in mineral oilbase finishes for direct application. The examples are cited by way ofillustration and not by way of limitation.

Example I V Percent Mineral oil (#50 White) 65 Acetylated, partiallyalcoholized castor oil 18 Polyethylene glycols 1 having a viscosity of385 SUS at F. (supplementary lubricant) 5 Dilauryl dimetl'iyl ammoniumchloride (antistatic agent) 12 So1d under the name of Ucon fiuids byUnion Carbide gridl Carbon Corp, of 30 E. 42nd Street, New York 17, New

*or r.

The condensation product of five mols of ethylene oxide with one mol ofthe amine produced from the acids derived from soya bean oil byreplacing the COOH group with CHaNHz.

Example III Percent Mineral oil (#50 White) 60 Acetylated, partiallyalcoholized castor oil 16.8 The dehydrolysis product of triethanolaminewith ricinoleic acid (antistatic agent) 20.6 Oleic acid (clarifier) 0.5Sodium ortho phenyl phenate (preservative) 0.1

The above mixtures form clear, brilliant oils. The

order of combining the various components is not critical.

Normally, the acetylated, partially alcoholized castor oil is addedslowly and stirred into the mineral oil. The other ingredients are thenblended into the mixture in a similar fashion. At times a slight hazedevelops which may be removed by means of the addition of minor amountsof a higher fatty acid as a clarifier as illustrated in Examples II andIII. The compositions may be applied by any convenient method, such asby roller, pad or wick. The treated textiles are well-lubricated asevidenced by low and uniform frictional properties. They are pliable andpossess excellent processing properties, particularly in twisting,winding and warping operations. The formulations do not soften the yarnso excessively that shuttle marks and streaky fabrics result from theiruse.

Examples IV and V below illustrate the application of the compositionsdescribed above to freshly-spun, non- Example IV The composition ofExample II is applied by means of a roller to 18 pounds of yarn. Theyarn takes up approximately 3% of its own weight in finish. Nodifiiculty is experienced in winding this yarn on cones.

Example V The composition of Example 111 is applied by a finish roll.The yarn take-up is 3.3% of the yarn weight. This composition shows areduction of 10% of breakage during coning over a similar compositionwhich did not contain the acetylated, partially alcoholized castor oil.Further, fabric junctions resulting from the preparation of fabric fromthe inside and outside of yarn cakes reveal no detectable lusterdifierences after normal scouring and desizing.

Examples VI and VII illustrate compositions containing mineral oilmodified with acetylated partially alcoholized castor oil as definedherein which are useful in the preparation of aqueous emulsions fromwhich the finish may also be applied.

Example VI Percent Mineral oil (#50 White) 58 Acetylated, partiallyalcoholized castor oil 9.1

Polyethylene glycols having a viscosity of 385 SUS at 100 F 3' Thedehydrolysis product of triethanolamine wi ricinoleic acid (antistaticagent) 9.9 Triethanolamine (emulsified) 7 Coconut oil fatty acids 1(supplementary lubricant) 13 1 The mixed acids derived from coconut oil.

Example VII Percent Mineral oil (#50 White) 58 Acetylated, partiallyalcoholized castor oil 6 Polyethylene glycols having a viscosity of 385SUS at 100 F. (supplementary lubricant) 3 Sulfonated peanut oil(softener) 3 5 ethoxy soya amine (antistatic agent) Triethanolamine(emulsifier) 7 Coconut oil fatty acids (supplementary lubricant) 13 Theconstituents of each of these examples, when blended together, formclear oils that may be added to water to form stable emulsions havingexcellent wetting and spreading properties. Normally, water emulsionsfrom 15% to of oil concentrate are used to obtain a dressed yarncontaining about 3% of the dressing based on the yarn. Yarns so treatedhave excellent textile processing properties. Particularly, subsequentwinding operations proceed smoothly, packages being free of loops andthrown threads. Fabrics woven from cellulose acetate yarn treated withthese compositions are observed to be free of streaks and shuttle marksattributable to excessively softened yarn.

As is evident from the examples, the most critical components of thecomposition are the mineral oil and the acetyl Z-methoxy ethylricinoleate. Other materials such as antistatic agents, lubricatingenhancers, emulsifiers and the like may be added as desired. The natureand source of the mineral oil is not critical provided it is of suitableviscosity and free of impurities which would cause color difficulties orthe like.

The invention has been described particularly with reference toapplication of the composition to textiles produced from celluloseacetate because of the pronounced advantages found in treating theseparticular textile materials. However, the composition can be appliedwith advantage to textiles such as the fibers, filaments, yarns,

fabrics, pellicles and the like of other natural or synthetic materials.Among these may be mentioned cotton, wool, flax, regenerated celluloseand those produced from polymers of polyamides, polyester andpolyacrylic resins.

The proportions of the ingredients may vary over wide ranges forpurposes of the present invention. Generally, it is preferred that atleast 2% of acetyl Z-methoxy ethyl ricinoleate be present in the finalcomposition. As much as 50% may be present without deleterious effects.It is particularly desirable to use between 5% and 10% of thiscomponent. It is preferred that at least 50% of the final composition bemineral oil, the mineral oil component normally comprising at least ofthe final composition. The proportions of antistatic agents,supplementary lubricants, emulsifying agents and the like will varywidely, depending upon the particular agents employed and the propertiesdesired in the final composition. In general, these materials are addedin minor proportions.

Cellulose acetate filamentary and staple yarns bearing theabove-described compositions have been found to have a very desirablecoefiicient of kinetic friction. Problems of over-running and entanglingare eliminated. The compositions spread well to completely cover theyarn and do not become yellow, gummy or rancid upon aging. Such yarnshave been observed to remain pliable without becoming overly soft in theprocess of being woven into fabric.

Many other composition modifications employing the stipulated partialester will be apparent to those skilled in the art without a departurefrom the inventive concept.

What is claimed is:

1. A textile containing as a dressing composition a mixture of mineraloil, constituting at least about 50% by Weight of the said dressing, andthe acetylated derivative of a 2-methoxy ethyl ricinoleate, constitutingat least about 2% by weight of the said dressing.

2. The article of claim 1 wherein the textile contains a componentderived from cellulose acetate.

3. The article of claim 1 wherein the textile is produced from celluloseacetate.

4. The article of claim 3 wherein the cellulose acetate textile is inthe form of a continuous filament.

5. A composition of matter consisting essentially of a yarn dressingwherein mineral oil constitutes at least about 50% by weight of thedressing and the acetylated derivative of Z-methoxy ethyl ricinoleateconstitutes at least about 2% by weight of the dressing.

6. A yarn dressing comprising a mixture of which mineral oil constitutesfrom about 50% to about 65% by weight and of which the acetyl-Z-methoxyethyl ricinoleate component of the acetylated derivative of theincomplete alcoholization product of castor oil and 2- methoxy ethanolconstitutes from about 5% to about 10% by weight.

7. A composition of matter consisting essentially of an oil in wateremulsion wherein the dispersed phase consists of from about 15 to about25% of a yarn dressing oil concentrate comprising, based on weight ofsaid concentrate, from about 50 to about 65% by weight of mineral oiland from about 5 to about 10% by weight of the acetyl-Z-methoxy ethylricinoleate component of acetylated, partially-alcoholized castor oil.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,325Koch Apr. 5, 1938 ,218 Smith July 31, 1951 2,564,768 Seymour et al Aug.21, 1951

5. A COMPOSITION OF MATTER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A YARN DRESSINGWHEREIN MINERAL OIL CONSTITUTES AT LEAST ABOUT 50% BY WEIGHT OF THEDRESSING AND THE ACETYLATED DERIVATIVE OF 2-METHOXY ETHYL RICINOLEATECONSTITUTES AT LEAST ABOUT 2% BY WEIGHT OF THE DRESSING.